Calabar Carnival 2026: The Complete Guide to Africa’s Biggest Street Party
Picture this: over two million people dancing through the streets of Calabar, Nigeria, in a spectacular explosion of color, music, and culture that transforms an entire city into the world’s largest outdoor stage. The Calabar Carnival 2026 promises to be the most magnificent celebration yet of what UNESCO has recognized as one of Africa’s most significant cultural festivals.
Known as “Africa’s Biggest Street Party,” the Calabar Carnival has grown from a modest local celebration into an international phenomenon that attracts visitors from over 50 countries. This extraordinary festival combines traditional Nigerian culture with modern entertainment, creating an experience that rivals Rio’s Carnival and Trinidad’s Mas while maintaining its unique African identity.
Key Takeaways
• Calabar Carnival 2026 will take place from December 1-31, 2026, with the main parade scheduled for December 28, 2026
• The festival features five major carnival bands, each with elaborate themes and thousands of participants in stunning costumes
• Accommodation and costume bookings typically open in July 2026 and sell out quickly due to high demand
• The total budget for international visitors ranges from $1,500-$4,000 depending on accommodation and participation level
• Safety is excellent with heavy security presence, but basic precautions and group travel are recommended
1. CARNIVAL BASICS
1.1 What is Calabar Carnival
The Calabar Carnival stands as Africa’s premier cultural celebration, transforming the charming city of Calabar in Cross River State, Nigeria, into a month-long festival of unprecedented scale and beauty. Born from the vision of former Cross River State Governor Donald Duke in 2004, this remarkable event has evolved into a cultural phenomenon that showcases the rich heritage of Nigeria while embracing global carnival traditions.
History and Origins
The carnival emerged from a desire to position Nigeria as a major tourist destination while celebrating the diverse cultures within Cross River State. Drawing inspiration from Brazil’s Rio Carnival and Trinidad’s Carnival, the founders created something uniquely African. The inaugural 2004 carnival featured just three bands and attracted 50,000 visitors. Today, it welcomes over two million participants and spectators annually.
Cultural Significance
Beyond the spectacular parades and parties, Calabar Carnival serves as a powerful platform for cultural preservation and economic development. The festival celebrates Nigeria’s 250+ ethnic groups, traditional crafts, music, and dance forms. Local artisans spend months creating elaborate costumes, masks, and floats that tell stories of African history, mythology, and contemporary life.
Evolution from 2004 to Present
The carnival has undergone remarkable transformation:
UNESCO Recognition
In 2019, UNESCO recognized Calabar Carnival as an “Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,” acknowledging its role in preserving traditional African art forms while fostering international cultural exchange. This recognition elevated the carnival’s global profile and attracted additional international support.
Comparison with Other Carnivals Worldwide
While Rio de Janeiro’s Carnival focuses on samba schools and competitive parades, and Trinidad’s Carnival emphasizes calypso and steelpan music, Calabar Carnival uniquely blends:
1.2 When is Carnival
Dates and Timing
Calabar Carnival 2026 will run from December 1-31, 2026, with activities building toward the spectacular grand finale parade on December 28, 2026. Unlike many carnivals tied to religious calendars, Calabar Carnival maintains consistent December dates, making it easier for international visitors to plan annual trips.
Carnival Calendar and Countdown
The month-long celebration follows a carefully orchestrated schedule:
Best Time to Visit
For first-time visitors, arriving December 20-30 provides the optimal experience. This timeframe offers:
Duration of Festivities
While the official carnival runs for 31 days, the most intensive period spans December 15-31. Many international visitors find a 10-14 day stay sufficient to experience the carnival’s highlights while exploring Calabar’s attractions.
1.3 Carnival Season Timeline
Post-Christmas Activities
Following Christmas Day, Calabar transforms into carnival central. The city’s population swells from 500,000 to over 2 million as visitors arrive for the final week of celebrations. Hotels, restaurants, and entertainment venues operate at full capacity, creating an electric atmosphere throughout the city.
December 28: Grand Parade Day
The centerpiece of Calabar Carnival 2026 features five major carnival bands, each comprising 3,000-5,000 participants. The parade route stretches 12 kilometers through Calabar’s main thoroughfares, beginning at the Cultural Centre at 10:00 AM and concluding at the U.J. Esuene Stadium around 6:00 PM.
December 29-31: Closing Celebrations
The carnival concludes with three days of cultural performances, traditional music concerts, and farewell parties. Many visitors use this period to explore Cross River State’s natural attractions, including the Obudu Mountain Resort and Cross River National Park.
2. CARNIVAL EVENTS & ACTIVITIES
2.1 Major Events
The Grand Parade: What to Expect
The Calabar Carnival 2026 grand parade represents the culmination of months of preparation, featuring five spectacular carnival bands competing for the coveted “Band of the Year” title. Each band presents a unique theme through elaborate costumes, choreographed dances, and massive decorative floats.
The Five Carnival Bands:
Safety Tips
Cultural Exhibitions and Craft Demonstrations
Throughout December, the Calabar Cultural Centre hosts daily exhibitions featuring:
2.2 Competitions
Band Competition
The highlight competition features five bands judged on:
Winners receive cash prizes totaling ₦50 million (approximately $120,000), with the winning band earning ₦20 million and significant bragging rights for the following year.
Kings and Queens of Carnival
Individual costume competitions crown the most elaborate and creative participants:
Venue and Tickets
Competition judging occurs at multiple points along the parade route, with the main judging platform located at Millennium Park. VIP viewing tickets range from ₦15,000-₦50,000 ($35-$120), while general viewing areas remain free to the public.
2.3 Pre-Carnival Parties
Carnival Fetes and Parties
December features nightly entertainment events throughout Calabar:
Private vs Public Events
3. MUSIC & CULTURE
3.1 Music Genres
Afrobeats and Contemporary Nigerian Music
Calabar Carnival 2026 showcases Nigeria’s vibrant music scene, with Afrobeats serving as the primary soundtrack. This genre, pioneered by Fela Kuti and modernized by artists like Burna Boy, Wizkid, and Davido, provides the rhythmic foundation for carnival celebrations.
History and Evolution
Nigerian carnival music has evolved through several phases:
Traditional African Rhythms
The carnival preserves traditional music forms including:
3.2 Dance & Movement
Traditional and Modern Dance Fusion
Carnival participants blend traditional African dance movements with contemporary choreography. Professional dance troupes spend months perfecting routines that tell stories through movement, incorporating elements from various Nigerian cultural traditions.
Audience Participation
Unlike formal parades, Calabar Carnival encourages spectator participation. Designated “jump-up” zones allow audience members to join the celebration, dancing alongside band members and experiencing the carnival spirit firsthand.
4. MASQUERADE BANDS
4.1 Choosing a Band
Large Bands vs Small Bands
Each of the five major carnival bands offers different experiences:
Large Bands (3,000-5,000 members):
Small Community Bands (100-500 members):
Price Ranges
Costume costs vary significantly based on band and costume section:
Band Reputations and Reviews
4.2 Alternative Mas
Individual Mas
Independent participants can create personal costumes and join the parade without band affiliation. This option requires:
Traditional Character Bands
Smaller groups focus on specific cultural representations:
5. COSTUMES
5.1 Costume Selection
Costume Sections Within Bands
Each major band divides costumes into distinct sections, allowing participants to choose based on budget, comfort level, and personal preference:
Frontline Costumes
The most elaborate and expensive options, typically worn by band leaders, celebrities, and sponsors. These costumes feature:
Mid-section Costumes
Balanced options offering impressive visual impact at moderate cost:
Backline Costumes
Entry-level options perfect for first-time participants:
5.2 Costume Elements
Headpieces
Carnival headpieces represent the artistic pinnacle of costume design, incorporating:
Backpacks and Back Pieces
Large decorative elements worn on the back, featuring:
Body Wear and Accessories
5.3 Costume Preparation
Fittings and Alterations
Costume preparation begins in October with multiple fitting sessions:
Customization Options
Many bands offer personalization services:
Costume Collection and Care
6. PLANNING YOUR CARNIVAL
6.1 When to Book
Costume Sales Timeline
Calabar Carnival 2026 costume sales typically follow this schedule:
Accommodation Booking Strategy
Calabar’s hotel capacity becomes severely strained during carnival season. Successful booking requires:
Flight Booking Optimization
International visitors should book flights to Lagos (LOS) or Abuja (ABV) with connections to Calabar (CBQ):
6.2 Budgeting
Comprehensive Budget Breakdown for International Visitors
| Expense Category | Budget Range | Mid-Range | Premium |
|——————|————–|———–|———|
| Costume | $180-$360 | $600-$900 | $1,200-$1,800 |
| Accommodation (10 nights) | $400-$800 | $1,200-$2,000 | $3,000-$5,000 |
| Flights | $800-$1,200 | $1,200-$1,800 | $1,800-$3,000 |
| Meals & Dining | $200-$400 | $400-$600 | $800-$1,200 |
| Transportation | $100-$200 | $200-$300 | $400-$600 |
| Entertainment & Fetes | $150-$300 | $300-$500 | $600-$1,000 |
| Shopping & Souvenirs | $100-$200 | $200-$400 | $500-$800 |
| TOTAL ESTIMATED | $1,930-$3,460 | $4,100-$6,500 | $8,300-$13,400 |
Money-Saving Tips
6.3 Travel Logistics
Visa Requirements
Most international visitors require Nigerian visas:
Flights to Calabar
Margaret Ekpo International Airport (CBQ) serves Calabar with connections through:
Currency and Payments
6.4 Accommodation
Hotels in Calabar City Center
Premium Options:
Mid-Range Options:
Budget Options:
Airbnb and Alternative Accommodations
Areas to Stay and Safety Considerations
Recommended Areas:
Safety Recommendations:
7. WHAT TO PACK & WEAR
7.1 Carnival Day Essentials
Comfortable Footwear
The 12-kilometer parade route demands appropriate footwear:
Hydration and Sun Protection
December in Calabar features intense tropical sun and high humidity:
Technology and Communication
Personal Care and Comfort
7.2 General Packing List
Climate-Appropriate Clothing
Calabar’s December climate features:
Essential Clothing Items:
Health and Safety Items
7.3 Fete Attire
Festival Wear Guidelines
Carnival parties and fetes embrace vibrant, comfortable clothing:
Footwear for Dancing
Themed Events
Some fetes require specific attire:
8. FOOD & DRINK
8.1 Carnival Food
Street Food and Road-Side Snacks
Calabar Carnival 2026 features incredible street food representing Nigeria’s diverse culinary traditions:
Popular Carnival Snacks:
Regional Specialties from Cross River State:
Food Safety and Vendor Selection
8.2 Drinks
Local Beverages and Refreshments
Staying hydrated during carnival requires strategic beverage choices:
Non-Alcoholic Options:
Alcoholic Beverages:
Staying Hydrated Strategy
8.3 Restaurants & Cuisine
Recommended Dining Establishments
Fine Dining:
Local Favorites:
International Options:
9. SAFETY & TIPS
9.1 Safety Guidelines
Personal Security Best Practices
Calabar Carnival 2026 maintains excellent safety records, but basic precautions ensure worry-free enjoyment:
Group Travel Strategies:
Valuable Item Protection:
Transportation Safety:
9.2 Health Considerations
Tropical Health Preparedness
Calabar’s tropical climate requires specific health preparations:
Heat-Related Health Management:
Foot Care and Blister Prevention:
Medical Facilities and Emergency Contacts:
9.3 First-Timer Tips
Carnival Participation Strategies
Maximizing Your First Calabar Carnival Experience:
Gradual Event Participation:
Social Integration Techniques:
Technology and Information Management:
10. INTERACTIVE CARNIVAL PLANNER
Calabar Carnival 2026 Planner
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🎭 Calabar Carnival 2026 Budget Planner
Plan your perfect carnival experience with our comprehensive budget calculator
5 Days
7 Days
10 Days
14 Days
Budget ($40-80/night)
Mid-Range ($120-200/night)
Luxury ($300-500/night)
No Band Participation
Backline Costume ($180-360)
Mid-Section Costume ($600-900)
Frontline Costume ($1200-1800)
Your Calabar Carnival 2026 Budget
function calculateBudget() {
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const accommodation = document.getElementById('accommodation').value;
const costume = document.getElementById('costume').value;
let budget = {
accommodation: 0,
costume: 0,
meals: 0,
flights: 1200,
activities: 0,
transport: 150,
misc: 0
};
// Calculate accommodation
const accomRates = {
budget: 60,
mid: 160,
luxury: 400
};
budget.accommodation = accomRates[accommodation] * days;
// Calculate costume costs
const costumeRates = {
none: 0,
backline: 270,
midsection: 750,
frontline: 1500
};
budget.costume = costumeRates[costume];
// Calculate meals
budget.meals = days * 45;
// Calculate activities
const activities = [
{ id: 'fetes', cost: 400 },
{ id: 'cultural', cost: 200 },
{ id: 'excursions', cost: 300 },
{ id: 'shopping', cost: 300 },
{ id: 'photography', cost: 225 },
{ id: 'transport', cost: 250 }
];
activities.forEach(activity => {
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budget.transport += activity.cost;
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budget.activities += activity.cost;
}
}
});
// Miscellaneous (10% of total)
const subtotal = Object.values(budget).reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
budget.misc = Math.round(subtotal * 0.1);
displayResults(budget, days);
}
function displayResults(budget, days) {
const total = Object.values(budget).reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
const breakdown = document.getElementById('breakdown');
breakdown.innerHTML = `
🏨 Accommodation
$${budget.accommodation}
👗 Costume
$${budget.costume}
✈️ Flights
$${budget.flights}
🍽️ Meals
$${budget.meals}
🎉 Activities
$${budget.activities}
🚗 Transport
$${budget.transport}
`;
const totalDiv = document.getElementById('total');
totalDiv.innerHTML = `
Total Estimated Budget
$${total}
For ${days} days at Calabar Carnival 2026
`;
const recommendations = document.getElementById('recommendations');
let tips = [];
if (total 4000) {
tips.push("You're planning a luxury carnival experience! Consider VIP packages for added convenience.");
tips.push("Book premium accommodations with carnival shuttle services.");
} else {
tips.push("Well-balanced budget for a great carnival experience!");
tips.push("Consider booking costume and accommodation packages for potential discounts.");
}
tips.push("Start booking flights 6-8 months in advance for best prices.");
tips.push("Join carnival Facebook groups for insider tips and group discounts.");
tips.push("Consider travel insurance for international trips.");
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💡 Recommendations for Your Budget
${tips.map(tip => - • ${tip}
`;
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11. PHOTOGRAPHY & MEDIA
11.1 Photography Tips
Capturing the Perfect Carnival Moments
Calabar Carnival 2026 offers countless photography opportunities, from elaborate costume details to massive crowd celebrations. Successful carnival photography requires preparation, proper equipment, and understanding of optimal shooting conditions.
Best Spots for Photos
Premium Photography Locations:
Camera Equipment Recommendations:
Hiring Professional Photographers
Many carnival participants hire local photographers for comprehensive coverage:
11.2 Social Media
Hashtag Strategy for Maximum Reach
Essential Calabar Carnival 2026 Hashtags:
Real-Time Social Media Strategy:
Following Official Carnival Channels:
11.3 Capturing Memories
Video Documentation Strategies
Equipment Recommendations:
Professional Photo Packages
Many bands offer professional photography services:
Copyright and Privacy Considerations
12. BEYOND CARNIVAL
12.1 Exploring Cross River State
Natural Attractions and Adventure Tourism
Cross River State offers incredible attractions beyond carnival celebrations:
Obudu Mountain Resort
Located 3 hours from Calabar, this mountain resort features:
Cross River National Park
One of Nigeria’s most biodiverse protected areas:
Calabar Beaches and Waterfront
12.2 Cultural Sites and Historical Attractions
Historical Calabar
The city’s rich history as a major Atlantic trading port offers numerous cultural attractions:
Old Residency Museum
Former British colonial administrative building featuring:
Mary Slessor’s House
Preserved home of Scottish missionary Mary Slessor:
Traditional Ruler’s Palaces
12.3 Post-Carnival Activities
Recovery and Relaxation Options
After intensive carnival participation, many visitors seek relaxation activities:
Spa and Wellness Services
Adventure and Nature Activities
For active recovery from carnival celebrations:
Cultural Immersion Programs
Extended cultural learning opportunities:
13. CARNIVAL INDUSTRY
13.1 Behind the Scenes: Costume Creation
How Costumes Are Made
The creation of Calabar Carnival 2026 costumes represents months of intensive artistic labor involving hundreds of skilled craftspeople. The process begins immediately after the previous year’s carnival, with design teams conceptualizing themes and creating initial sketches.
Design and Development Process:
Materials and Construction Techniques:
Artisan Communities
Costume creation supports hundreds of local artisans:
13.2 Economic Impact
Tourism Statistics and Revenue Generation
Calabar Carnival generates significant economic impact for Cross River State and Nigeria:
Annual Economic Contributions:
Industry Size and Scope:
Sponsorship and Investment:
Major corporate sponsors invest heavily in carnival success:
13.3 Carnival Arts and Craftsmanship
Traditional Craft Preservation
Calabar Carnival serves as a vital platform for preserving and promoting traditional Nigerian crafts:
Wire Bending Artistry
Costume Design Evolution
Makeup and Body Art
14. FAMILY CARNIVAL
14.1 Kiddies Carnival
Children’s Participation in Calabar Carnival 2026
Calabar Carnival embraces family participation through dedicated children’s events and age-appropriate activities. The Kiddies Carnival, typically held on December 26, 2026, provides a safe, fun environment for young carnival enthusiasts.
Age Groups and Categories:
Children’s Carnival Bands:
Several bands specialize in family-friendly participation:
Safety Measures for Children:
14.2 Family-Friendly Options
Daytime Events and Activities
Families with children can enjoy numerous daytime carnival activities:
Cultural Exhibitions:
Family Viewing Areas:
Accommodation Considerations for Families:
15. SUSTAINABILITY & RESPONSIBILITY
15.1 Environmental Considerations
Calabar Carnival 2026 increasingly emphasizes environmental sustainability and responsible tourism practices. The carnival organizers recognize the importance of preserving Cross River State’s natural beauty while hosting millions of visitors.
Costume Recycling and Reuse Programs
Waste Management Initiatives
Eco-Friendly Practices
15.2 Cultural Respect and Awareness
Understanding Traditional Elements
Visitors to Calabar Carnival 2026 should approach the celebration with cultural sensitivity and respect for Nigerian traditions:
Traditional Costume Elements:
Supporting Local Artisans and Communities
Avoiding Cultural Appropriation
15.3 Community Impact and Responsible Tourism
Supporting Local Businesses
Responsible carnival visitors prioritize supporting Cross River State’s local economy:
Local Business Priorities:
Tipping and Gratuity Guidelines
Giving Back to the Community
Many carnival visitors choose to contribute to local development:
16. RESOURCES
16.1 Official Information Sources
Government and Official Carnival Organizations
For authoritative information about Calabar Carnival 2026, visitors should consult official sources:
Cross River State Carnival Commission (CRSCC)
Cross River State Tourism Bureau
Nigerian Embassy and Consulate Contacts
International visitors should contact Nigerian diplomatic missions for visa and travel information:
16.2 Carnival Apps and Digital Tools
Official Carnival Mobile Applications
Several digital tools enhance the carnival experience:
Calabar Carnival Official App (Available December 2026)
Band-Specific Applications
Major carnival bands often develop dedicated apps:
General Travel and Navigation Apps
16.3 Community Resources and Support Networks
Online Communities and Forums
Calabar Carnival Facebook Groups:
WhatsApp Communities
Many carnival participants join WhatsApp groups for real-time communication:
Local Contacts and Concierge Services
16.4 Frequently Asked Questions
First-Timer FAQs
Q: When should I book my costume for Calabar Carnival 2026?
A: Costume sales typically begin in July 2026. Early bird pricing offers 15-20% discounts through August. Popular costume sections sell out by October, so booking by September ensures the best selection and pricing.
Q: Do I need special vaccinations for travel to Nigeria?
A: Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for entry into Nigeria. Consult your healthcare provider about additional recommended vaccinations including hepatitis A/B, typhoid, and meningitis. Malaria prophylaxis is also recommended.
Q: How safe is Calabar during carnival season?
A: Calabar maintains excellent safety records during carnival with heavy security presence. Basic precautions include traveling in groups, securing valuables, and staying in recommended accommodations. The carnival attracts international visitors safely each year.
Q: What’s the weather like in December in Calabar?
A: December is dry season with temperatures of 75-85°F (24-29°C) and humidity of 70-85%. Rain is minimal, making it ideal carnival weather. Pack lightweight, breathable clothing and strong sunscreen.
Costume and Participation FAQs
Q: Can I participate in the parade without joining a band?
A: Yes, independent participants can register for individual mas (₦25,000 fee) and create personal costumes. However, joining a band provides better support, positioning, and overall experience.
Q: Are there modest costume options available?
A: Yes, all bands offer various coverage levels. Many costumes include full-coverage options respecting cultural and personal preferences. Discuss coverage requirements during costume selection.
Q: What happens if it rains during the parade?
A: Calabar Carnival proceeds rain or shine. Costumes are designed to withstand light rain, but heavy downpours may cause temporary delays. December is dry season, making rain unlikely.
Travel and Logistics FAQs
Q: How far in advance should I book accommodations?
A: Book accommodations 6-8 months in advance. Calabar hotels fill completely during carnival, and prices increase significantly closer to the event. Consider staying in nearby areas with transportation to carnival events.
Q: Is it better to fly directly to Calabar or connect through Lagos?
A: Most international visitors fly to Lagos (LOS) and connect to Calabar (CBQ). Direct international flights to Calabar are limited. Allow extra time for domestic connections and potential delays.
Q: What currency should I bring, and are credit cards accepted?
A: Bring US dollars for exchange to Nigerian Naira. Credit cards are accepted at major hotels and restaurants, but many vendors and services require cash. ATMs are limited during carnival, so plan accordingly.
Conclusion
Calabar Carnival 2026 represents more than just a spectacular celebration—it’s a transformative cultural experience that connects visitors with the vibrant heart of African tradition and contemporary creativity. From the moment participants don their elaborate costumes to the final beats of the closing ceremonies, this extraordinary festival offers an immersive journey into Nigeria’s rich cultural heritage.
The carnival’s evolution from a modest local celebration to Africa’s biggest street party demonstrates the power of cultural preservation combined with innovative presentation. As over two million people gather in Calabar each December, they participate in something far greater than entertainment—they become part of a living cultural legacy that bridges traditional African values with global carnival traditions.
For international visitors, Calabar Carnival 2026 offers an unparalleled opportunity to experience authentic African culture while enjoying world-class entertainment. The festival’s emphasis on community participation, cultural education, and sustainable tourism creates meaningful connections between visitors and local communities that extend far beyond the carnival period.
The comprehensiveplanning required for carnival participation—from costume selection to accommodation booking—becomes part of the adventure itself. The months of anticipation, preparation, and cultural learning transform casual tourists into passionate carnival ambassadors who return year after year and encourage others to experience this remarkable celebration.
Key Action Steps for Calabar Carnival 2026:
The transformative power of Calabar Carnival lies not just in its spectacular visual displays, but in its ability to create lasting connections between people from diverse backgrounds united by celebration, creativity, and cultural appreciation. As participants dance through the streets of Calabar, they become temporary citizens of a global community that transcends nationality, language, and cultural differences.
Whether choosing an elaborate frontline costume or a comfortable backline option, participating in exclusive fetes or enjoying free cultural exhibitions, every visitor contributes to the carnival’s magic while taking home memories that last a lifetime. The festival’s commitment to cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and community development ensures that each participant becomes part of a celebration that honors the past while building toward a more connected and culturally rich future.
Calabar Carnival 2026 awaits with open arms, elaborate costumes, infectious rhythms, and the promise of an experience that will forever change how you understand the power of cultural celebration. The streets of Calabar are calling—will you answer with your dancing feet and open heart?
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Meta Title: Calabar Carnival 2026: Complete Guide to Africa’s Biggest Street Party
Meta Description: Discover everything you need for Calabar Carnival 2026! Complete guide to costumes, bands, budgeting, travel tips, and Nigeria’s spectacular cultural celebration.